The book is divided into seven chapters. It follows the thread of the three majorcomponents of biomass and systematically illustrates the theories involved in biomasspyrolysis liquefaction. This book begins with the structure of lignocellulosic biomass.The basic structure， physical and chemical properties of the three major componentsof biomass， namely cellulose， hemicellulose and lignin， are introduced in detail， andcommon model compounds of the three major components as well as their proper-ties and corresponding extraction methods are also expounded in the first chapter.Then from Chapter 2 to Chapter 4 we give an in-depth illustration of the pyrolysismechanism of the three major components of biomass. Beginning with the basic pro-cess of pyrolysis， the influence of different factors on biomass component pyrolysis iselaborated， and the biomass component pyrolysis mechanism is discussed based onkinetics research， product formation processes and theoretical simulation at molecular level. Chapters 5 and 6 introduce the influence of the interaction of components，catalysts and inorganic salts on the pyrolysis behavior of biomass. Finally， pyrolysisbehavior and pyrolysis liquefaction characteristics of different biomass species are illustrated， and research about bio-oil graded upgrading based on the separation of bio-oil is presented in Chapter 7.
Preface
Acknowledgement to financial support
1 Biomass components and characteris
1．1 Biomass compon
1．1．1 Composition analysis of biomass
1．1．2 Distribution of biomass compounds
1．2 Cellu
1．2．1 Structure of cellu
1．2．2 Characteristics of cellu
1．2．3 Isolation of cellulose and its model compounds
1．3 Hemiceilu
1．3．1 Structure of hemiceUul
1．3．2 Characteristics of hemiceUul
1．3．3 Isolation of hemiceUulose and its model compounds
1．4 Lignin
1．4．1 Structure of lig
1．4．2 Characteristics of lig
1．4．3 Isolation of lignin and its model compounds
1．5 Extracti
1．6 Inorganic sa
1．6．1 Composition of Inorganic salts
1．6．2 Removal of inorganic salts
1．7 Water in biomass
2 Pyrolysis of cellulose
2．1 Fundamental process of ceUulose pyroly
2．1．1 Introduction to cellulose pyroly
2．1．2 Pyrolysis of ceUulose model compou
2．2 Effect of reaction parameters on the pyrolysis of cellulose
2．2．1 Effect of reaction temperat
2．2．2 Effect of residence time
2．2．3 Effect of acid pretreatm
2．2．4 Effect of other reaction factors
2．3 Pyrolysis kinetic models for cellulose pyroly
2．3．1 One-step global reaction model
2．3．2 Two-step reaction
2．3．3 Isoconversion methods
2．3．4 Distributed activation energy model
2．4 Active cellulose
2．4．1 The collection and characterization of active cellulose
2．4．2 Effects of different factors on the characteristics of active cellulfurfural
2．5 Mechanism of cellulose pyrolysis based on the formation of products
2．5．1 Formation pathway of levogluc
2．5．2 Formation pathway of 5-hydroxymethylfurf
2．5．3 Formation pathway of hydroxyacetaldehyde and hydroxyace
2．5．4 Formation pathway of small molecular g
2．6 Mechanism of cellulose pyrolysis at molecular scale
2．6．1 Simulation of pyrolysis of cellulose monomer
2．6．2 Simulation of pyrolysis of cellobiose and cellotriose
2．6．3 Simulation of pyrolysis of cellulose crystal with periodically repeated structure
3 Pyrolysis of hemicellulose
3．1 Fundamental process of hemiceliu[ose pyrol
3．1．1 Pyrolysis of hemiceUulose-based monosacchar
3．1．2 Pyrolysis of xylan and glucom
3．1．3 Pyrolysis of the isolated hemicellulose
3．1．4 Comparison of the pyrolysis behaviors of hemiceUulose-based monosaccharides and xylan
3．2 Effect of reaction parameters on the pyrolysis behavior of hemiceUu
3．2．1 Effect of reaction tempera
3．2．2 Effect of residence
3．2．3 Effect of other reaction factors
3．3 Mechanism of hemiceUulose pyrol
3．3．1 Pyrolysis kinetic model for hemiceUulose pyrol
3．3．2 Formation pathway of typical products from hemicellulose pyrolysis
3．3．3 Mechanism of hemiceUulose pyrolysis at molecular scale
4 Pyrolysis of lig
4．1 Lignin pyrolysis proc
4．1．1 Fundamental process of lignln pyroly
4．1．2 Pyrolysis of typical model compounds for lignin
4．1．3 Pyrolysis of different lignin model compou
4．2 Effect of reaction parameters on the pyrolysis behavior of lignin
4．2．1 Effect of reaction temperatu
4．2．2 Effect of residence time
4．2．3 Effect of other reaction paramet
4．3 Mechanism of lignin pyroly
4．3．1 Pyrolysis kinetic model for ignin pyroly
4．3．2 Lignin pyrolysis mechanism based on product distribut
4．3．3 Mechanism of [ignin pyrolysis at the molecular scale
5 Cross coupling pyrolysis of biomass compone
5．1 Influence of component interaction on pyroly
5．1．1 Effect of the ratio of hemiceUulose to cellul
5．1．2 Effect of the ratio of cellulose to lig
5．1．3 Effect of the ratio of hemicel[ulose to lignin
5．2 Coupled pyrolysis of compone
5．2．1 Pyrolysis behavior of a mixture of biomass compone
5．2．2 Influence of component proportions on the distribution of pyrolytic produ
5．3 Pyrolysis behaviors of detergent fib
5．3．1 Pyrolysis behaviors of different detergent fib
5．3．2 Distribution of pyrolytic products for different detergent fib
5．4 Influence of extractives on biomass pyroly
5．4．1 Pyrolysis behaviors of biomass extracti
5．4．2 Influence mechanism of extractives on biomass pyroly
6 Catalytic pyrolysis of biomass compone
6．1 Influence of inorganic salts on the pyrolysis of biomass compone
6．1．1 Influence of inorganic salts on the kinetics of biomass components pyroly
6．1．2 Influence of inorganic satts on the distribution of cellulose pyrolysis produ
6．2 Catalytic effect of zeolite catalysts on the pyrolysis of biomass compone
6．2．1 Classification and characteristics of zeolite cataly
6．2．2 Catalytic effect of microporous zeolite on the pyrolysis of biomass compone
6．2．3 Effect of mesoporous zeolites on the pyrolysis of biomass compone
6．3 Catalytic effect of metal oxide on the pyrolysis of biomass compone
6．3．1 Structural characteristics of metal ox
6．3．2 Catalytic effect of metal oxides on the pyrolysis of biomass compone
7 Pyrolysis of biomass
7．1 Introduction to biomass pyrolysis
7．2 Pyrolysis of different biomass species
7．2．1 Pyrolysis of forestry biomass
7．2．2 Pyrolysis of agricultural biomass
7．2．3 Pyrolysis of herbaceous biomass
7．2．4 Pyrolysis of aquatic biomass
7．2．5 Comparison of pyrolysis products from different biomass species
7．3 Fast pyrolysis of biomass for bio-oi[ production
7．3．1 Reaction process of biomass fast pyrolysis
7．3．2 Effect of reaction parameters on biomass fast pyrolysis
7．4 Bio-oil graded catalytic upgrading
7．4．1 High-efficiency separation of bio-oil based on molecular distillation
7．4．2 Upgrading of bio-oil fractions from molecular distillation
Abbreviations
Selected PhD theses supervised by the authors
The Authors' representative academic papers published in this field
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